The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported in 2010 that 97,123 animals suffered pain during experiments while being given no anesthesia for relief.
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The 1950s sleeping pill thalidomide, which caused 10,000 babies to be born with severe deformities, was tested on animals prior to its commercial release.
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Chimpanzees share 99% of their DNA with humans, and mice are 98% genetically similar to humans.
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The United States and Gabon are the only two countries that allow experimentation on chimpanzees.
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The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) spends $14 billion of its $31 billion annual budget on animal research.
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Researchers Joseph and Charles Vacanti grew a human "ear" seeded from implanted cow cartilage cells on the back of a living mouse to explore the possibility of fabricating body parts for plastic and reconstructive surgery.
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A 2011 poll of nearly 1,000 biomedical scientists conducted by the science journal Nature found that more than 90% agreed that the use of animals in research is essential.
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People in the United States eat 9 billion chickens and 150 million cattle, pigs and sheep annually, and we use around 26 million animals for research, 95% of which are rodents, birds and fish.
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In 2010, Minnesota used more cats for testing than any other state (2,703), New Jersey used the most dogs (6,077), and Massachusetts used the most primates (7,458).
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95% of animals used in experiments are not protected by the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA), which excludes birds, rats and mice bred for research, and cold-blooded animals such as reptiles and most fish.
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The California Biomedical Research Association states that nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has resulted directly from research using animals.
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The US Food and Drug Administration endorses the use of animal tests on cosmetics to "assure the safety of a product or ingredient." American women use an average of 12 personal care products per day.
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